ATPの脳循環におよぼす影響—脳血流動態と脳血管の形態的観察

EFFECTS OF ATP ON CEREBRAL CIRCULATION:MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF CEREBRAL BLOOD VESSEL AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS

I．はじめに

　1929年，FiskeおよびLohmann等によつて発見されたAdenosine triphosphate （ATP）は，酸化的代謝のprimer （導火線）として脳組織代謝に重要な役割を果していることは周知のとうりであり，現在臨床面にも広く応用されている。

　一方，脳代謝のみならず脳循環に関しても生理学的，生化学的検討が盛んに行なわれ，ATPが破壊巣の周囲組織に対して側副循環を増大させ，これを介して脳代謝を改善させること^1），ATP脳内摂取により脳血流量が増大すること，脳浮腫等の非生理的条件下でのendogeno—us inhibitorの脳細胞内生成および蓄積を抑制すること^2）等種々の報告があるが，いまだ未解決の問題が多い。

Review was made on the effect of adenosinetriphosphate, 1.0-3.0mg/kg intravenously, on thecerebral circulation and the presence of the dilatingaction on the cerebral blood-vessels in cats.

1. The group of the normal intra-cranial pressureshowed, as reported previously, the transient hypo-tension and its complicated decrease of cerebralblood-circulation at the initial period for 30-100check, then demonstrating the increase of cerebralblood-flow for 200-1000 check. Its increased volumeand duration were dose-dependent.

2. The group of the loaded intracranial pressureof 20-30 mmHg (slightly elevated group) showedthe increase of cerebral blood-flow, like the groupof the normal intracranial pressure. However, theeffect of ATP showed the decrease or disappearancein accordance with the elevation of the loadedpressure.

3. Cerebral vasodilating effect of ATP waspromptly observed after the administration, and itsdegree was 30-50% in photographical observation.

4. Increasing effect on cerebral blood-flow andcerebral vasodilating action of ATP were similarin the pattern to that of vasodilators such aspapaverine hydrochloride.