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はじめに
1912年Schilder1)がDiffuse Skleroseの1症例について,臨床経過ならびに病理組織学的所見を詳細に報告して以来,Diffuse Skleroseは,一般にSchilder病と呼ばれるようになつた。ところが1956年Poser2)によつて,いわゆるSchilder病の中には3種の違つた疾患,すなわち炎症性汎発硬化症(狭義のSchilder病),Leu—codystrophy,及びSubacute Sclerosing Leucoenceph—alitisが,含まれていることが指摘された。それ故,以後,Schilder病という場合は,神経病理学的に炎症性汎発硬化症を意味するようになつた。
さて,従来Schilder病の報告は剖検例が多く,臨床経過を追つた詳細な報告例は少ない。著者は,現在生存中で臨床神経学的にSchilder病の典型的な症状を呈した1例について,昭和44年3月の発病時から昭和45年1月迄臨床経過を観察したので,その症例の臨床症状を中心に,病変のひろがりを,臨床神経学的,脳波的に機能的に関連づけて,若干の考察を加え報告する。
A 7 years and 1 month-old boy had onset of dul-lness and visual disturbances. He developed sub-acutely, apraxia, aphasia, pyramidal signs, impair-ment of hearing, emotional disorder, compensatory olfactory perception, autonomic symptoms, horizo-ntal nystagmus, epileptiform seizures, complete dementia and bulbar symptoms.
Lately he became bed-ridden in a decorticate posture with spastic quadriplegia. It took 10 months from the onset of illness to the appearance of de-corticate rigidity.
The author is diagnosing this case as a typical Schilder's disease in very clinical point of view.
Both polymorphous and monorhythmic δ waves appeared dominantly in right occipital area on the EEG. The S waves extended gradually to bilateral frontal areas with basic rhythm slowing, spikes, spike and wave complex.
The author considers that the EEG changes are compatible with clinical symptoms, suggesting the enlargement of lesion.
Twenty four cases of Schilder's disease were studied in Japanese literature.
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