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左冠動脈回旋枝を責任血管とする心筋梗塞のなかには,超急性期の診断が困難なものがある.この論文の目的は,このような心筋梗塞の発症早期の心電図の特徴,および経時的な変化を明らかにすることである.対象は,発症6時間以内に来院し,左冠動脈回旋枝が責任血管であることが確認された心筋梗塞16例である.発症6時間以内,12時間後,24時間後,7日後,14日後の心電図を検討した.超急性期の特徴的な心電図所見は,①V3〜5誘導における約0.5〜1mmのST下降,②V2,3誘導における約1mmとT波と比較して大きな陽性U波と当該誘導におけるT/U比の減少であった.経時的にみると12時間以後は,①V1,2誘導のR波は徐々に増高し,S波は次第に減高していった.したがって,R/S比が≧1となった.②下降していたST部分は,発症から12時間までに速やかに基線に復した.③V1〜3誘導のT波が増高し,U波が減高した.したがって,T/U比が増大していった.④V6誘導のR波は経時的に減高した.これらは単独の純後壁梗塞を示唆する所見である.以上より,発症6時間以内の超急性期に臨床的に心筋梗塞が疑われた場合,ST-T変化の有無にかかわらず,右胸部誘導に大きなU波があるか,T/U比が比較的に小さいときは,左冠動脈回旋枝を責任血管とする純後壁梗塞を鑑別診断の1つとして考慮すべきである,と結論された.
In some patients, there is myocardial infarction in which ECGs do not show hyperacute T waves or ST elevation and left circumflex is the infarct-related coro-nary artery. As this diagnosis in the hyperacute phase is very difficult, we attempted to clarify the electrocar-diograhic (ECG) characteristics of those patients. Sub-jects were 16 patients in whom ECGs were recorded less than 6 hours from the onset. Inclusion criteria in this study were ECGs did not show hyperacute tented T waves or ST-elevation, and the infarct-related coro-nary artery was left circumflex. ECGs on admission, at 12-hours, at 24-hours, on day-7, and on day-14 wereanalyzed. ECG characteristics in the hyperacute phase were ① ST depression of 0.5-1.0mm in leads V3~V5, ② large U waves around 1mm in leads V2 or V3, and ③decreased T/U ratio in leads V2 or V3. ECG changes in time course showed ① increased R waves and decreased S waves in leads V1 or V2, and therefore R/S≧1, ② disappearing of depressed ST-segment at 12-hours, ③increased amplitude of the T waves and decreased amplitude of U waves in leads V1~V3, and therefore increased T/U ratio. These findings are compatible with isolated strictly posterior myocardial infarction.
We conclude that in suspected patients with hyper-acute myocardial infarction, large U waves or de-creased T/U ratio in the right precordial leads with or without ST depression suggest the presence of isolated strictly posterior myocardial infarction.
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