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要旨●左側と右側大腸間における大腸鋸歯状病変の臨床病理学的,分子遺伝学的検討を行った.対象として左側過形成性ポリープ(HP)27例,右側HP 18例,左側SSA/P 29例,右側SSA/P 32例を用いた.病理組織学的所見については陰窩の拡張,陰窩の分岐異常,陰窩腺底部の拡張・走行異常(腺底部の所見)の有無について検討した.MUC2,MUC5AC,MUC6,CD10,CDX-2,p53,MLH-1,MSH-2,MSH-6,PMS-2,ANNEXIN A10の発現を免疫組織化学的に検索した.分子解析はKRAS,BRAF変異解析とDNAメチル化解析を行った(高,中等度,低).病理組織学的所見ではSSA/Pで腺底部の所見が右側で有意に多く,各因子の組み合わせパターンでは左側で陰窩の拡張と分岐異常のパターンが多く,右側では3因子すべてのパターンが多かった.MUC6およびANNEXIN A10の発現は右側のSSA/Pで有意に多くみられた.BRAFはSSA/Pで発生部位による違いはなかったが,メチル化では高メチル化状態が右側SSA/Pで高く,中等度メチル化と低メチル化状態が左側のSSA/Pで多かった.HPは左側でKRAS変異の頻度が高かった以外は左右の差異はなかった.SSA/Pでは発生部位によって組織像,分子異常が異なっている可能性が示唆された.
We examined the clinicopathological findings and molecular alterations of HP(hyperplastic polyps)and SSA/P(sessile serrated adenoma/polyps)based on tumor location(left-sided and right-sided). Histological examination was based on the following findings:1. crypt dilatation, 2. irregular branching, and 3. abnormal histological architecture at the crypt base. The specimens were analyzed with PCR pyrosequencing to detect gene mutations(KRAS and BRAF)and methylation status(high methylation epigenome[HME], intermediate epigenome[IME], and low methylation epigenome[LME]). In addition, the expression levels of MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, CD10, CDX-2, p53, MLH-1, MSH-2, MSH-6, PMS-2, and ANNEXIN A10 were examined using immunohistochemistry. Although there was no difference in the frequency of histological findings between left- and right-sided tumors, there was a significant difference between them in the frequency of abnormal histological architecture at the crypt base. The expression of MUC6 and ANNEXIN A10 was frequently found in right-sided SSA/P compared with in left-sided SSA/P. BRAF mutation was common in left- and right-sided SSA/P. The frequency of HME was significantly higher in right-sided SSA/P, whereas the frequencies of IME and LME were significantly higher in left-sided SSA/P. Finally, there were no histological or molecular differences between left- and right-sided HP, with the exception of the KRAS mutation. Our data confirm that pathological findings of and molecular pathways to colorectal SSA/P differ in the left and right sides of the bowel.
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