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要旨 スネアによる従来の内視鏡摘除法(conventional endoscopic resection ; CER)は,径20mm以上の大腸腫瘍一括切除には限界がある.一方,先進施設ではESD(endoscopic submucosal dissection)も導入してきた.本報告は,大腸癌研究会のプロジェクト研究(前向きコホート研究)の結果の一部であるが,径20mm以上の大腸腫瘍内視鏡治療に関して,全国18施設で1,845病変が登録された(CERは1,029病変,ESDは816病変).CER群,ESD群の一括切除率は,それぞれ56.9%,94.5%(p<0.01),平均治療時間は,18±23分,96±69分(p<0.001)であった.穿孔率と後出血率は,それぞれ0.8%,1.6%および2.0%,2.2%で,いずれも低値であった.径40mm以上のCER一括切除率は12.3%と低いが,ESDは93%と高かった(p<0.01).ESDは普及しつつあるが,径40mm以上の病変の治療時間は長く(129±83分),先進施設・熟練医での実施が望ましい.
CER(conventional endoscopic resection)for early CRN(colorectal neoplasia)is widely accepted as a minimally invasive treatment but has limitations when resecting large CRN en bloc. ESD(endoscopic submucosal dissection)was developed in Japan to resect larger lesions. In addition, treatment strategies vary considerably among medical facilities. To evaluate the current situation in Japan regarding endoscopic treatment of CRNs 20mm or larger, we conducted a prospective multicenter study at 18 specialized facilities in cooperation with JSCCR(Japan Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum). From October 2007 to December 2010, CERs and ESDs were performed on 1,845 CRNs(CERs, 1,029 ; ESDs, 816). En bloc resection rates and mean procedure times for CER/ESD were 56.9%/94.5%(<0.01)and 18±23min/96±69min, respectively. The average ESD procedure time was 129±83min in the≧40mm group. As lesion size increased, the CER en bloc resection rate decreased significantly(trend <0.01), but the ESD en bloc resection rate remained over 93%. Perforation and delayed bleeding rates of CER/ESD were 0.8%/1.6%(<0.05)and 2.0%/2.2%(=0.30), respectively. Despite longer procedure time, colorectal ESD was believed to improve safety in various facilities in Japan, but due to the longer procedure time, ESD for lesions 40mm and larger must be performed by experienced endoscopists.
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