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要旨●潰瘍性大腸炎関連腫瘍(UCAN)に対する内視鏡診断に関して,存在診断,質的診断,異型度/深達度診断に分けて,現状と課題を検討した.存在診断に関しては,平坦型dysplasiaの検出が重要であり,領域性のある発赤が有用な所見として報告されている.また,色素内視鏡観察がサーベイランスに有用であると報告されているが,近年ではNBI/BLIなどの画像強調観察やLCI/TXIなどの新たな画像強調観察の有用性も報告されている.質的診断に関しては,腫瘍/非腫瘍の鑑別について既存の拡大内視鏡観察では課題があり,最近では新たな表面微細構造パターンが報告されてきている.異型度/深達度診断は,まだ課題が多いことが現状であるが,深部浸潤の所見が認められれば特異度が高い所見と報告されている.
In this article, we described the advances in endoscopic diagnosis of ulcerative colitis-associated tumor(UCAN). Specifically, we discussed the current status and issues regarding detection, qualitative diagnosis, and degree of atypia or invasion depth diagnosis. For the presence diagnosis, it is important to detect flat dysplasia. Regional redness has also been reported to be a useful finding. Moreover, dye chromoendoscopy is beneficial for surveillance. Recently, the efficacy of image-enhanced endoscopy, such as NBI/BLI, and new image-enhanced endoscopy, such as LCI/TXI, has been reported. Regarding characterization diagnosis, the existing magnifying endoscopic diagnosis has challenges in terms of differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions, and new surface structure patterns have recently been reported. The invasion depth diagnosis is still a challenge, but a finding of deep invasion is considered a highly specific finding.

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