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Endoscopic Evaluation of the Invasion Depth of Pharyngeal and Esophageal Cancer Conventional Endoscopic Diagnosis Yoko Kitamura 1 , Maiko Yamakawa 1 , ToshihitoTsuchihashi 1 , Shouichi Ichino 1 , Takayuki Sawa 1 , Naoki Okamoto 1 , Takaaki Kishino 1 , Takashi Okuda 1 , Kazuyuki Kanemasa 1 , Keiji Shimada 2 1Center for Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nara City Hospital, Nara, Japan 2Department of Pathology, Nara City Hospital, Nara, Japan Keyword: 咽頭癌 , 食道癌 , 肉眼型 , 畳目模様 , 縦走ひだ pp.397-407
Published Date 2025/4/25
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.053621800600040397
  • Abstract
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 The depth of invasion diagnosis is critical in determining future treatment strategies. It must be evaluated by categorizing into the three groups listed below:

 1. Mucosal or lamina propria invasion:Endoscopic resection may result in a curative outcome.

 2. Invasion into the muscularis mucosae or superficial submucosa(within 200μm):Lymph node metastasis is rare, making endoscopic resection a reasonable option.

 3. Deep submucosal invasion(more than 200μm):High frequency of lymph node metastasis requires surgical resection with lymph node dissection.

 In recent years, advances in magnifying and image-enhanced endoscopy have allowed not only the detection of lesions but also the assessment of invasion depth based on vascular patterns. However, the basis of the depth of invasion diagnosis is formed by the assessment of macroscopic types through standard endoscopy.

 In particular, after the macroscopic type has been diagnosed using conventional endoscopy, results obtained by varying the amount of air should be considered. It is critical to focus on key areas, such as elevations, depressions, or intense redness, and make magnified observations. While magnifying and image-enhanced endoscopy are frequently discussed, it is critical to recognize the value of conventional endoscopy and work to improve its diagnostic accuracy.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1219 印刷版ISSN 0536-2180 医学書院

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