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Diagnosing Depth of Invasion of Superficial Esophageal Cancer: Routine Endoscopic Diagnosis Hideo Shimada 1 , Osamu Chino 2 , Takayuki Nishi 1 , Tomoko Hanashi 2 , Soichiro Yamamoto 3 , Takayuki Tajima 1 , Minoru Nakui 4 , Junya Oguma 4 , Akihito Kazuno 4 , Miho Nitta 1 , Shuji Uda 3 , Yasushi Yamazaki 4 , Shinkichi Sato 5 , Soji Ozawa 4 , Hiroyasu Makuuchi 6 1Department of Surgery, Tokai University Oiso Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan 2Department of Surgery, Tokai University Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 3Department of Surgery, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Hachioji, Japan 4Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan 5Department of Pathology, Tokai University Oiso Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan 6Tokai University Hospital, Isehara, Japan Keyword: 食道表在癌 , 深達度診断 , 内視鏡検査 , 通常観察 , ヨード染色 pp.539-552
Published Date 2015/5/24
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1403200281
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 We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of ordinary endoscopy to estimate the depth of invasion of superficial esophageal cancer in 207 patients who underwent ER(endoscopic resection). Rates of correct diagnostic classification according to depth of invasion were as follows : T1a-EP/LPM, 91.2%(125/137); T1a-MM, 66.7%(30/45); T1b-SM1, 61.5%(8/13); T1b-SM 2, 83%(10/12). This led to an overall correct diagnosis rate of 83.6%. Deep lesions were misdiagnosed as shallow most often when endoscopic diagnoses of T1a-EP/LPM were found by pathological examination to be T1a-MM, in 11 out of 18 cases(61%). The pathological findings refuting these diagnoses included pressure on or microinvasion of the lamina muscularis mucosae, very slight invasion up to 200μm in cases of T1a-SM1, vascular invasion and intraductal invasion.

 Conversely, shallow lesions were misdiagnosed as deep most often when endoscopic diagnoses of T1a-MM were found by pathological examination to be T1a-EP/LPM in 13 out of 16 cases(81%). The most common factor in this type of misdiagnosis was 0-IIa and IIc mixed type, in seven(54%)cases. Given image enhancement and magnification are considered important in depth of invasion diagnoses, their role in supporting and improving the diagnostic accuracy of routine observations should be given serious attention going forward.


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