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要約 目的:糖尿病患者における意図的黄斑円孔からの中心窩下硬性白斑除去後の長期成績を報告する。
対象と方法:中心窩下硬性白斑除去を行った7例9眼を遡及的に検討した。硝子体手術は25Gシステムで行った。有水晶体眼は白内障同時手術を行い,後部硝子体剝離の作成後,内境界膜剝離し,38G針を用いて網膜下に眼灌流液を注入した。内境界膜剝離作成時の意図的黄斑円孔から硬性白斑を水流で除去し,空気あるいは六フッ化硫黄ガスによるタンポナーデを行った。主な検討項目は視力,中心窩下硬性白斑の状態,併発症である。小数視力はlogMAR値に変換し,0.2以上の変化を改善とした。
結果:患者はすべて女性で,平均年齢は70.4±6.2(55〜74)歳であった。全例に汎網膜光凝固の既往があり,1眼に抗血管内皮増殖因子薬の注射歴,3眼に硝子体手術歴があった。水晶体の状態は有水晶体3眼,偽水晶体6眼であった。術後平均観察期間は59±11(43〜78)か月であった。黄斑部の硬性白斑は全例で術後早期に減少した。相乗平均視力は術前0.11,術後最高0.47,最終0.34で,術後最高視力および術後最終視力は術前と比べて有意に改善した(いずれもp<0.001)。最終視力は改善8眼(89%),不変1眼(11%),悪化0眼(0%)であった。経過観察中に重篤な合併症や黄斑浮腫の再発はなかった。
結論:意図的黄斑円孔からの中心窩下硬性白斑除去後の長期成績は良好と考えられる。
Abstract Purpose:To report the long-term outcomes of the intentional removal of subfoveal hard exudates via intentional macular holes in patients with diabetes.
Case and methods:A retrospective study was conducted on nine eyes of seven patients who underwent subfoveal hard exudate removal surgery. A vitrectomy was performed using a 25G system and cataract surgery was performed simultaneously in phakic eyes. After creating a posterior vitreous detachment and peeling the internal limiting membrane, a 38-gauge needle was used to inject balanced salt solution into the subretinal space. Hard exudates were removed through the macular hole created during macular detachment using fluid flow, followed by air or SF6 tamponade. The main evaluation items were best-corrected visual acuity, status of subfoveal hard exudates, and complications. Decimal visual acuity was converted to logMAR units, and an improvement was defined as a change of ≥0.2.
Results:All patients were female, averaging 70.4±6.2(55-74)years. All eyes had a history of panretinal photocoagulation, one had a history of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection, and three had a history of vitrectomy. The lens status was phakic in three eyes and pseudophakic in six eyes. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 59±11(43-78)months. Subfoveal hard exudates decreased early postoperatively in all cases. The geometric mean decimal visual acuity was 0.11 preoperatively, 0.47 at its best postoperatively, and 0.34 at final follow-up. The final visual acuity significantly improved compared to the preoperative values(p<0.001). Final visual acuity improved in eight eyes(89%), remained unchanged in one eye(11%), and worsened in zero eyes(0%). No severe complications or recurrence of macular edema was observed during the follow-up period.
Conclusion:The long-term outcomes of intentionally removing hard subfoveal exudates through a macular hole were favorable.

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