緒言とまとめ：困難を克服する実践的アプローチ

Ultimate Airway Management for One-lung Ventilation：Introduction and Summary：A Practical Approach to Overcoming Difficulties in One-lung Ventilation

　日本麻酔科学会第70回学術集会の開催に際して，大会長からのご指名により，不肖ながら著者が呼吸部門ワーキンググループの一員を拝命したが，学術集会で行われるシンポジウムについて，グループ内で検討していくつかの案を提出した中から，採用となったシンポジウムの1つが，著者が提案した今回のテーマである。

　The number of medical situations requiring one-lung ventilation has recently increased due to the spread of video-assisted thoracic surgery（VATS）, including robotic surgery, as well as minimally invasive surgeries requiring intrathoracic manipulation such as minimally invasive cardiac surgery（MICS）and esophageal and thoracic spine surgery. In addition, experience with thoracic anesthesia cases involving one-lung ventilation is mandatory for anesthesiologists’ certification in Japan. Familiarity with the application of one-lung ventilation is thus required among anesthesiologists in Japan, and it is a technique that anesthesiologists should actively work on. Cases in which one-lung ventilation is difficult exist and present another challenge. In this special feature, five specialist anesthesiologists were asked to write about the following topics：“Basics of Double-Lumen Tubes for One-Lung Ventilation,” “From an Advocate for the use of Right-sided DLTs,” “Bronchial Blockers：Fundamentals, Techniques, and Clinical Applications in Lung Isolation,” “One-Lung Ventilation in Children,” and “Differential Lung Ventilation in Special Cases：Tracheostomy, Tracheal Bronchus, Tracheal Necrosis, Tracheobronchial Disruption, and Bronchocutaneous Fistula.” We believe that each of these articles contains important basic information that all anesthesiologists should know, and we hope that the information provided by this special feature will be useful in the implementation of airway management involving one-lung ventilation.