良性疾患に対する放射線治療

Radiotherapy for benign diseases

良性疾患に対する放射線治療は，頻度は低いが日本全国の施設で行われており，ほとんどの放射線治療医に経験があるのではないだろうか。日本放射線腫瘍学会（Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology：JASTRO）の，放射線治療症例全国登録事業（Japanese Radiation Oncology Database：JROD）によると，2023年のJASTRO疾患別全件数割合において良性疾患は，男性で0.9％，女性で1.6％となっている^1）。数字だけみるとやはり頻度は低いが，この数字は実は年々，特に女性において増加傾向にあり，良性疾患に対する放射線治療の一定のニーズを示していると考えられる（表1）。

The frequency of radiotherapy（RT）for benign diseases is low, at approximately 1％ of male patients and 1.5％ of female patients. However, knowledge of RT for them is necessary because most radiation oncologists are responsible for benign diseases in daily medical practice. In this section, RT for important benign diseases including Graves’ ophthalmopathy, keloids, vertebral hemangioma, and brain arteriovenous malformation, were described. In addition, a brief introduction for recent topics, such as trigeminal neuralgia and ventricular arrhythmia, was performed. A commentary on radiation-induced cancer after RT for benign diseases was also added.