頭頸部

Imaging diagnosis of autoimmune diseases in the head and neck

全身性自己免疫疾患はしばしば頭頸部病変を生じ，画像検査で検出される。特異的な診断が困難な場合も多いが，疾患に特徴的な画像所見により，確診度の高い質的診断が可能な場合もある。また頭頸部病変の指摘により，全身検索・精査を勧める契機になる場合もある。頭頸部領域に異常な画像所見を呈する代表的な全身性疾患に関して概説する。

Various autoimmune diseases can manifest in the head and neck region, presenting with unique imaging findings. While these findings are often non-specific, certain diseases may show characteristic imaging features, accompanying findings, or clinical manifestations that facilitate diagnosis. This article reviews the imaging characteristics of major autoimmune diseases affecting the head and neck region, including IgG4-related disease, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Sjögren’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events, giant cell arteritis, relapsing polychondritis, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, and thyroid eye disease. Understanding these features can aid in accurate diagnosis and appropriate patient management.