自己免疫性脳炎：抗体の種類からGrausの2016年文献まで

Autoimmune encephalitis：from antibody types to Graus’ 2016 literature

脳症は「精神機能の変化または意識レベルの低下を特徴とする脳障害で，局所的な神経障害を伴わない」と定義されており，脳炎は「炎症または免疫介在性の機序に関連する脳障害で，通常は脳症を引き起こす」と説明されている。脳炎は物理現象を指し，脳症は症候を指していると考えてよい。

One method of classifying antibodies associated with autoimmune encephalitis is the location of the epitope that the antibody labels. The 2016 diagnostic criteria of Graus can be used to determine the likelihood of autoimmune encephalitis. FilmArray^® is a useful method for excluding other diagnoses and can be used to screen for infections that occur relatively frequently. NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis can occur after herpes simplex encephalitis. In the case of anti-LGI-1 antibody encephalitis, lesions are frequently confined to the hippocampus and amygdala, and T1-weighted hyperintensities in the basal ganglia are often observed.