文献からとらえた診療所の外来における看護職の役割の構造

Structure of the Nursing Role in Outpatient Clinics:Insights from the Literature

要 約

目的：診療所の外来における看護職の役割の構造を明らかにするために、実施されている看護業務を文献より抽出した。方法：医中誌Web により「診療所」「診療所看護」「在宅療養支援診療所」をOR検索し、 47 文献を対象とした。結果：診療所の看護職の役割は4 つのコアカテゴリーに集約され構造が確認された。主に医師と連携し、診察や検査処置などの介助を担う【診療を支える援助】、健康問題を抱えながら 地域で暮らす患者や家族に対して支援する【療養を支える援助】、地域で生活する人々の健康を支える【地域の健康を支える援助】、診療所の管理運営及び職員管理を含む【診療所の運営を支える援助】である。 結論：診療所において看護職は、多種多様な役割を担っていた。今後は、住み慣れた地域で人々が安心して暮らせるように、療養を支え、地域の健康を支える援助のさらなる探求が重要となる。

Abstract

Purpose: In order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the roles played by nursing staff in outpatient clinics, relevant information has been extracted from a variety of literature sources on nursing tasks conducted in outpatient settings. Method: We performed an “OR” search using keywords such as “clinic,” “clinic nurse,” and “home care support clinic” on the ICHUSHI Web platform, and included 47 pieces of literature for analysis purposes. Results: The roles of nursing staff in outpatient clinics were consolidated into four core categories, and a structural framework was identified. Primarily, ( i ) nurses collaborate with doctors to assist in examinations and tests, essentially serving as a support for medical care; (ii) nurses assist community - dwelling patients and their families with health problems-in other words, they assist with medical treatment; (iii) nurses play an important role in maintaining the health of people residing in the community - in other words, they support community health; and (iv) nurses focus on the management and smooth running of the clinic, including staff management - in other words, they assist with the operation of the clinic. Conclusion: In outpatient clinics, the nursing staff handle a wide range of roles and responsibilities. Moving forward, it is imperative to further explore strategies that support medical treatment and community health, thereby fostering an environment wherein community members can live in peace.