山間地域の住民における自然災害発生時の対応体制のニーズ

The necessity of an emergency response system to cope with natural disasters for people living in mountainous areas

要約

【目的】山梨県Ａ市は、標高500m前後の谷沿いに集落が点在し、災害発生時は交通手段が遮断され、孤立する可能性が高いと想定される山間地域である。本研究は、山間地域の住民における自然災害発生時の対応体制のニーズについて明らかにすることを目的とした。

【方法】Ａ市の9,011世帯を対象に質問紙調査を実施した。調査票は、基本属性、自然災害発生時の対応体制のニーズで構成した。

【結果】1,617部回収した（回収率17.9％）。住民は、市役所には【迅速で正確な災害・避難情報の提供】等、消防組織には【消火と出火防止の対応】等、警察には【道路状況の確認による交通規制と確保】等、自衛隊には【被災傷病者の救出と捜索】等、病院には【医療施設への傷病者の受け入れと対応】等を求めていた。

【結論】山間地域の住民は、迅速な災害情報、道路の安全確認と復旧、孤立する集落への支援を求めていた。今後、集落が孤立しても支援が届く体制の整備、住民のニーズに対応する地域防災計画となるよう検討する必要がある。

【Objective】

City A in Yamanashi Prefecture is located in a mountainous area with villages scattered along a valley at an altitude of around 500 meters. Since it is expected that modes of transportation will be disrupted if a massive disaster occurs, there is a marked possibility that people in City A will be isolated from help. This study aimed to identify the necessity of an emergency response system to cope with natural disasters for people living in moun tainous areas.

【Methods】

A questionnaire survey was conducted involving 9,011 households in City A. The survey included: the basic attributes and needs for an emergency response system for natural disasters.

【Results】

A total of 1,617 responses (response rate: 17.9%) were collected. The residents demanded “the delivery of prompt and accurate information on disasters and evacuation” of the city office, “fire extinguishing and prevention measures” by the fire department, “traffic regulations and securing of routes by checking of road conditions” by the police, “rescue of and search for victims” by the Self-Defense Forces, and “acceptance of and care provision to victims at medical facilities” by healthcare institutions.

【Conclusions】

People living in mountainous areas demanded prompt information on disasters, safety confirmation and the restoration of roads, as well as support for isolated villages. The results showed the need to establish a system that enables the delivery of supplies even if villages are isolated, and to re-examine the regional disaster prevention plans to respond to the needs of residents.