医療的ケアの必要な要介護者における自分自身の身体状況をふまえた災害に対する備えの認識

Awareness of disaster preparedness that takes physical condition into account among individuals requiring medical care

要約

　本研究の目的は、自分自身の身体状況をふまえた備えの認識を明らかにし、備えへの看護の示唆を得ることである。研究デザインは、半構成面接法による質的帰納的方法で、対象は医療的ケアの必要な要介護者10名である。結果、自分自身の身体状況をふまえた災害に対する備えの認識には【身体状況による災害対応への困難】【医療的ケアを継続しながら避難生活をすることの困難】【医療的ケアの中断による困難】【自分の今の力ではどうする事もできないことへのあきらめ】【災害に対応しうるセルフケア能力への自信】【備えなくても自分は大丈夫という経験からの自信】【自分のセルフケア能力をふまえて取るべき行動の決意】【災害時の病状管理に向けて取るべき行動の決意】【人に頼らず自らやっていく覚悟】の９のカテゴリーがあった。結論として、要介護者の身体状況をふまえた具体的な対策や、地域と連携し備えの認識を高めることの重要性が示唆された。

The purpose of this study was to assess awareness among individuals requiring medical care regarding disaster preparations that take physical condition into account, as well as to obtain suggestions for nurses regarding disaster preparedness. The research design was a qualitative and recursive study using semi-structured interviews, and the subjects were 10 individuals who required medical care. The results revealed nine points that subjects were aware of regarding disaster preparedness that takes their physical condition into account. These points were:“difficulties in disaster response as a result of my condition,” “difficulties of living as an evacuee while continuing my medical care,” “difficulties resulting from the interruption of my medical care,” “accepting that there is nothing I can do in my current state,” “belief in the power of the self-care I can conduct in case of a disaster,” “belief based on experience that I will be fine even if I do not prepare,” “determination to do what I need to do based on my ability to perform self-care,” “determination to do what I need to do to manage my medical condition after a disaster,” and “resolution to do everything myself and not rely on others.” In conclusion, this study suggested the importance of specific preparedness that take physical condition into account for individuals who require care, as well as the importance of working with local organizations to raise awareness of preparedness.