糖尿病外来における看護婦の活動の実態

A Survey of Nurses Activities at Diabetes Outpatient Clinics

　糖尿病外来における看護婦の活動の実態を4つの役割の観点から明らかにするために，糖尿病外来において糖尿病教育の中心となっている看護職1名を対象に質問紙調査を行った．691施設に質問紙を送付し，383人（55.4％）の回答を得，315人からの回答（45.6％）を有効とした．「患者教育者」では個別指導・集団指導の実施率はともに高く，「ケア提供者」では糖尿病の特性に合わせた対処がとられていた．施設内での「スタッフへの相談・調整役」を果たしている者は多かったが，施設を越えた連携をとっている者は半数以下であった．「研究者」としての役割を果たしている者は少なかった．また，個別指導実施者は他の役割も果たしており，糖尿病教育歴が長く，自己学習を行っており，受診システム上の工夫がなされた外来に所属していた．以上より，糖尿病外来は患者教育実施率の高い分野であり，個別指導実施の有無は外来での看護婦の活動を示す1つの目安となることが考えられた．

　The purpose of this survey was to investigate the nurses activities at diabetes outpatient clinics. 691 questionnaries were sent to nurses and 383 (55.4％) were returned, 315 (45.6％) were validated. Patient educator: The rates of performances for both one-to-one education and group education were high. Care giver: Many nurses practiced the appropriate way to the characterize diabetes mellitus. Consultant: Although any nurses carried out their role as a consultant in their institution, less than half of nurses were connected to other institutions. Researcher: A few nurses carried out their work in research. Nurses who practiced one-to-one education were responsible for other roles as well as Patient educators, were studying by themselves and belonged to outpatient clinics which endeavored to improve their care systems. Diabetes outpatient clinic is one of the units which is high performance in patient education. Whether the activities of one-to-one education are taken or not would be one of the most important activities for nurses in diabetes outpatient clinics.