5．パンデミックにおけるメンタルケア—医療従事者や患者・患者家族のメンタルヘルスを守る要点

Mental health care for healthcare workers, patients and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic

新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）パンデミックは，身体だけでなく，心理的，精神的影響も甚大である。一般市民や感染者のみならず，医療従事者，特に最前線で患者に対応する病院職員への心理的影響が問題となっている。医療従事者のメンタル危機はバーンアウトburnoutにつながり，離職に至る可能性も高い。医療従事者への支援は医療崩壊を防止し，地域住民の支援に直結する。COVID-19パンデミックにおける医療従事者の心理的影響に関して，災害精神医療という視点から文献的考察を示したうえで，我々が施行した病院全職員対象心理的調査の報告を示したい。また，患者および患者家族の強い心理的反応は，対応する医療従事者の苦悩にもつながる。患者および患者家族へのメンタルケアの要点についても考察したい。

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in enormous psychological and mental effects as well as physical effects. The issue is the psychological impact not only on the general population and infected patients, but also on healthcare workers, especially the frontline workers who directly care for patients with COVID-19. Since the mental crisis in healthcare workers is likely to lead to burnout and resignation, support for healthcare workers prevents collapse of the medical care system and is directly linked to the support of local residents. Regarding the psychological effects of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, we would like to report our psychological survey of all staff in our university hospitals with a literature review from the viewpoint of disaster psychiatry. As the strong psychological response of patients and their families would distress healthcare workers, we summarize key points for mental care of patients and their families.