学童期における手指爪疾患の頻度

FREQUENCY OF CHANGES OF THE FINGER NAIL IN JAPANESE CHILDREN

はじめに

　爪甲の疾患に関する我国の文献は比較的少なく，これについては加納（1955）および大矢（1965）が総括的にのべている。しかしこれらの文献の多くは臨床的に爪疾患のみをとりあげたものであつて，今までに記載されている爪の変化が，1つの集団においてどれ位の頻度にみられるかということについて触れた統計は殆んどない。著者は静岡市南藁科小学校において生体計測を行なつた際，手指の爪甲についても観察したので，その結果を報告する。ただ，この調査はあくまで生体計測が主体であり，爪の調査は著者個人で行なつた2次的なものであるから，充分に観察できなかつた点が少なくない。この点については予め御諒承願いたい。

A research on changes of the finger nail was done in 1,221 Japanese children (586 males and 635 females) 6 to 12 years old at the Minami-warashina Primary School in Shizuoka City, Central Japan. The result was as follows :

1. As to morphological changes, transverse grooves were most frequently observed (221 cases, 18.1%). Two cases of them were due to panaritium. Pits were found in 46 cases (3.8%) . Other changes were small in number.

2. As to color changes, leuconychia was most often seen (315 cases, 25.8%). Because of such high frequency of this color change, it seemed that most of the cases were not pathologic but were caused by daily slight mechanical stimuli. Nail-plate pigmentation was seen in 7 cases, one of which was seen in all fingers. In a few cases, opacity of the nail was observed.

3. Injuries of the nail were seen in 13 cases with a tendency to an increase in number at younger ages. Female was only one.