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BLINK REFLEXES IN HEMIFACIAL SPASM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SYNKINETIC RESPONSES Shinji Nagahiro 1 , Yasuhiko Matsukado 1 , Shin-ichi Wada 1 , Ei-ichiro Urasaki 1 , Chikahide Yatomi 1 1Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto University Medical School pp.923-929
Published Date 1987/10/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1406205984

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  • Abstract
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Blink reflexes were studied in 20 patients with hemifacial spasm.

The latencies of R 1 on the affected side was not different from that on the unaffected side in 10 patients who had no previous facial nerve block, but increased in 10 patients with experience of facial nerve block. Synkinetic responses (SR 1, SR 2 and SR 2 c) were observed by the simulta-neous recording from the orbicularis oris muscle on the affected side. SR 1 were obtained in all patients (100%), but SR 2 in 18 patients (90%) and SR 2 c in 19 patients (95%). The mean latency of SR 1 was slightly longer than the mean latency of R1.

When the site of stimulation was moved along the eyebrow from the supraorbital nerve approach-ing to the stylomastoid foramen, the latencies of R 1 and SR 1 became shorter, but R 2 and SR 2 were suppressed with increased latency. Following local anesthesia (xylocaine) to the temporal branch of the facial nerve, SR 1 was abolished with pre-served R1, R2 and SR2. On the other hand, R2 and SR 2 were abolished with preserved R 1 and SR1 following xylocaine block to the supraorbital nerve.

The result suggeted that the afferent pathway of SR 1 is the facial nerve (antidromic conduc-tion) and that of SR 2 is the trigeminal nerve. Ephaptic transmission of those antidromic and orthodromic impulses forming a reverberating cir-cuit should be one of the etiological factors in hemifacial spasm.


Copyright © 1987, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 2185-405X 印刷版ISSN 0006-8969 医学書院

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