復職後も母乳育児を継続した女性の体験に関する文献検討

A Literature Review of the Experiences of Women Who Continued Breastfeeding After Returning to Work

要旨

　目的：復職後も母乳育児を継続した女性の体験を，国内外の文献から明らかにし，その支援に関する示唆を得ることである．

　方法：医学中央雑誌Web版およびPubMedを用いて，復職後も母乳育児を継続した女性の体験に関する原著論文9件を抽出し，各論文における研究対象，母乳育児の継続に影響を与えた要因，直面した課題等の実態を比較検討して女性の体験を明らかにした．

　結果：女性の体験には，【母乳育児継続への意思と現実の狭間で揺れる心理的葛藤】【女性を取り巻く周囲からのエモーショナルサポート】【身体的な不調と苦痛】【職場環境の不便さ】【育児スタイルの獲得】【子どもから得られる心の休息】【母親としての新たなアイデンティティーの形成】があった．

　結論：復職後の母乳育児支援には，職場における物理的・人的環境の整備だけでなく，女性とその周囲への様々な情報提供と妊娠期からの継続的な情緒的支援が重要であると示唆された．

　Objective: To clarify the experiences of women who continued breastfeeding after returning to work from domestic and foreign literature, and to obtain suggestions for support.

　Methods: Using the Web version of the Central Journal of Medicine and PubMed, we selected nine original articles on the experiences of women who continued breastfeeding after returning to work, and clarified the women's experiences by comparing the subjects of the research, factors that influenced the continuation of breastfeeding, and actual conditions such as challenges faced in each article.

　Results: The women's experiences included: [psychological conflicts that oscillated between the intention to continue breastfeeding and the reality], [emotional support from those surrounding the women], [physical discomfort and pain], [inconvenience of the work environment], [acquisition of a child-rearing style], [emotional rest from their children], and [formation of a new identity as a mother].

　Conclusion: The results suggest that, for breastfeeding support after returning to work, it is important not only to improve the physical and human environment at the workplace, but also to provide various information to the women and their surroundings and continuous emotional support from the pregnancy period.