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Basics of pretreatment: bowel cleansing, premedication and sedation kiyonori Kobayashi 1 , Yuka Nakamura 1 , Yuho Hayashi 1 , Ryota Iwasa 1 , Koichi Nakajima 1 , Yasumoto Suzuki 1 , Hiroshi Nozawa 1 , Haruo Nishino 1 , Makoto Matsushima 1 1Matsushima Hospital Coloproctology Center, Kanagawa, Japan Keyword: colorectal tumor , endoscopic treatment , pretreatment pp.244-248
Published Date 2026/3/25
DOI https://doi.org/10.24479/endo.0000002535
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 The number of available bowel cleansing drugs for colonoscopy has increased, allowing for personalized selection based on patient tolerance, bowel habits, and comorbidities. Isotonic bowel cleansing drugs are particularly recommended for patients with heart failure or renal dysfunction. Gastrointestinal endoscopist must be familiar with the characteristics of various bowel cleansing drugs. Premedication aimed at inhibiting intestinal peristalsis is recommended unless contraindicated; severe intestinal peristalsis can hinder colonoscopic treatment. While sedation can reduce patient discomfort and improve patient tolerance, caution is required regarding complications such as respiratory depression. The type and dosage of medication used for sedation should be selected based on the patient's age, physical condition, and comorbidities. Continuous monitoring of respiratory and cardiovascular dynamics is required when sedation is administered. This article explains the essential pretreatment procedures for colonoscopy, including bowel cleansing, premedication, and sedation, as well as the types and characteristics of medications used.


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電子版ISSN 印刷版ISSN 0915-3217 東京医学社

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