小児に特徴的な骨折・外傷

Characteristics and diagnostic pitfalls of pediatric skeletal trauma

小児の骨は発達過程にあり，成人とは構造が大きく異なる。そのため成人と同様のメカニズムの外傷でも違った形で所見が現れることが多い。本稿ではあらためて小児の骨の形態的な特徴を概説し，診断のピットフォールとなるようなtipsを含めて解説する。

Pediatric bones possess unique structural characteristics, such as high plasticity and the presence of growth plates（physis）, which lead to distinct injury patterns compared to adults. This high plasticity results in subtle injuries like plastic deformation, greenstick, and torus fractures, often requiring comparison with the contralateral side. Furthermore, the mechanically weak growth plates are susceptible to unique injuries, classified by the Salter-Harris system, and chronic stress conditions such as apophysitis and slipped capital femoral epiphysis（SCFE）. Understanding these specific patterns and features is crucial for overcoming the diagnostic pitfalls inherent in pediatric skeletal trauma.