女性透析患者の妊娠・出産経験の意味づけ

The meaning of experience pregnancy and childbirth of women undergoing chronic hemodialysis treatments

目的

　本研究は、慢性血液透析療法を必要とする女性透析患者が妊娠・出産を経験することの意味を探索する質的記述的研究である。

対象と方法

　透析療法を受けながら出産経験した女性透析患者4名に半構成的面接を行い、現象学的な方法論を参考にデータ分析した。

結果

　分析の結果、＜結婚と伝統的価値観という壁＞＜妊娠という長い道のり＞＜妊婦という帰属と積極的な従順＞＜わが子の生命の不確かさへのゆらぎと存在の確証＞の4つのカテゴリが生成された。

結論

　対象者は結婚というライフイベントに直面し、“透析を必要とする身体”が結婚の背景にある“子どもへの期待”に深く関わり、それは自らの力量や努力では越えられない、伝統的価値観という壁への無力や挫折体験となった。各々の意味づけは、主体者であるにもかかわらず結婚や妊娠継続の決定、妊娠期、分娩期を通して常に従属的な様相として捉えられた。危機状態にあるわが子の受容過程においてはパートナーによる支援の重要性が示された。

Purpose: This study examined a qualitative descriptive how explores the meaning of experience pregnancy and childbirth of women undergoing chronic hemodialysis treatments.

Method: We used semi-structured interviews with 4 dialysis who gave pregnancy during dialysis and interview data were analyzed with reference to a phenomenological methodology.

Results: Results produced in 4 categories: "the hurdle of marriage and traditional values," "the long road of pregnancy," "active acceptance of an identification as a 'mother to be'," and "varying uncertainty about and proof of our child's life."

Conclusion: When, at marrying age, interviewees were faced with a life event like marriage, they felt powerless against and frustrated by the hurdle of traditional values in that "a body requiring dialysis" is closely tied to "expectations for a child" as underpin marriage and that they would be unable to overcome this hurdle despite their strength or effort. In each of the meanings, women always viewed themselves as something of a subordinate through marriage, deciding to keep continue the pregnancy, pregnancy itself, and labor despite being an independent actor. Results indicated that when the life of "our child" was in danger, the support of a partner was crucial to the process of the mother accepting this fact.