家族介護者の主観的介護負担における関連要因の分析

Analysis of Caregiver Burden among the Family Caregivers

　本研究は要介護高齢者の在宅介護者の主観的介護負担とHealth Related QOL（HRQOL）の関連性を検討する目的で，268名を対象に自記式郵送法による質問紙調査を行った．有効回答は169名63％であった．調査項目は要介護高齢者の性別，年齢，自立度，介護者の年齢，性別，就業の有無，経済的負担感，介護協力者，介護期間，続柄，在宅サービスの利用回数，支援センターへの相談利用回数，主観的介護負担は中谷らの開発した主観的負担感スケール，HRQOLとしてMOS Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey；SF-36を用いた．その結果は

　1．介護者の主観的介護負担と関連が強かったHRQOLは身体機能，心の健康，日常役割機能（身体），日常役割機能（精神），体の痛みであった．

　2．体の痛みが低群の介護者は主観的介護負担の高群者に多かった．

　3．主観的介護負担と社会生活機能の制限とは関連が少なかった．

　4．主観的介護負担には介護者の年齢，続柄，経済的負担感，介護協力者，専門家への相談，身体機能，心の健康，体の痛み，が影響することがわかった．

　This study was conducted in order to clarify the relation between subjective burdens and Health Related QOL(HRQOL)on the family members who were care-giving the frail elderly. The survey was conducted by questionnaires that were mailed to 268 caregivers. Valid responses were obtained from 169 of them(63%). The survey questions were consisted of sex, age and ADL of the frail elderly, and age, sex, employment, economy burden with the frail elderly of caregivers, and the duration of care-giving, involvement of the secondary caregiver, and frequency to use social services and to have consultation at Home Caregiver Support Center. The scales developed by Nakatani et al. were used to measure subjective burdens and SF-36 to evaluate HRQOL. The results are as follows:

　1. The significant correlations were observed between subjective burdens and HRQOL, including "physical functioning", "role limitations due to physical problems", "body pain", "mental health", "role limitations due to emotional problems".

　2. In the caregivers of pain low group, the high group of subjective burdens was greater.

　3. There were few relationships between subjective burdens and society function.

　4. Further, the relationship between subjective burdens and other factors was investigated using multiple logistic regression analysis. There were significant correlations with age of caregiver, family relationship, economy burden, and secondary caregiver, to have consultation, physical functioning, mental health and pain.