新人看護師が臨床1年目の経験を通して活用した看護基礎教育の学び─学士課程卒新人看護師の3事例

How Newly Graduated Nurses Have Applied What They Learn from Fundamental Nursing Education: A Study of Three Nurses with Bachelor's Degrees

要旨

　本研究の目的は、学士課程を卒業した新人看護師の臨床1年目の経験のプロセスを可視化し、そのプロセスにおいてどのような看護基礎教育の学びを活用したのかを明らかにすることである。私立看護系大学卒業後に中規模病院に就職、内科病棟に配属された新人看護師3名を対象に、臨床での経験、学生の時との変化、活用した看護基礎教育の学びについて半構造化面接を実施、複線径路・等至性モデルを用いて質的帰納的に分析した。その結果、新人看護師の1年目の経験のプロセスには、≪看護師であると自覚する≫、≪精神的に落ち着いて仕事ができる≫、≪自らの看護について再考する≫の3つの様相が明らかになった。また、プロセスにおいて活用した看護基礎教育の学びは、『時間管理』と『基礎看護技術』、『チーム医療』、『看護過程の展開』であった。看護学生から看護師へのスムーズな移行に向けて、これらの看護基礎教育での学びを活用できるような卒後研修や支援体制を検討していくことが望ましい。

　The purpose of this study is to identify the process newly graduated nurses undergo during their first year clinical experience after they finish their bachelor's course and clarify how they apply what they learn from the fundamental nursing education during this process. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 3 new nurses who had graduated from private nursing universities and began work at the internal medicine ward of a mid-scale hospital, regarding the issue of their clinical experiences, what had changed in the year since they finished school, and how they had applied what they learned in fundamental nursing education. Then, the authors qualitatively and inductively analyzed the results using the Trajectory Equifinality Model. The results show that the first year practical experience process of these nurses is divided into 3 developments. The first development can be defined as “becoming aware of being a nurse”, the second is “being able to work in with mentally settled” and the final development is “reviewing nursing of the self”. Regarding how they apply what they learned in their fundamental nursing education, “time management” and “basic nursing skills” were cited in the first development, “team medical care” in the second and “development of nursing process” in the last development. For a smooth transition from being nursing students to becoming professional nurses, it is preferable to consider providing post-graduate training and support systems for each development in order to solidify what they learned in fundamental nursing education.