自然災害に対する病院看護部の備え測定尺度の項目の抽出とその妥当性に関する研究

Components of a Natural Disaster Preparedness Scale for Hospital Nursing Departments and Related Content Validation

要約

　本研究の目的は、自然災害に対する病院看護部の備え測定尺度を作成するために備えに必要な項目を明らかにし、その項目の内容的妥当性と表面妥当性について検証することである。尺度原案作成のためにDepartment of Homeland SecurityのPreparedness Cycleの６つの要素を用い、先行調査や文献から114の尺度項目をあげた。次に内容的妥当性確認のために災害看護や看護管理分野の大学教員経験者５名への調査と、表面妥当性確認のために過去に災害拠点病院や大規模病院で看護代表者や看護部において災害・防災に関することを任されていた看護者６名への調査を行った。内容的妥当性の調査から６つの要素に振り分けた尺度項目の移動が必要となった。表面妥当性の調査では、無回答の項目は少なく、平均25分で回答できることがわかった。２つの調査から文言の修正を行い、114項目については削除や追加は不要であることがわかった。以上より備え測定尺度に必要な項目を明らかにした。

The objectives of this study were to clarify items to be considered in the establishment of a natural disaster preparedness scale for hospital nursing departments, and to verify content validity and face validity for these items. A total of 114 items were extracted from previous studies and literature using six elements from the Department of Homeland Security's Preparedness Cycle to create a draft scale. To verify content validity, assessment was performed with five subjects who had served as college or university faculty members in the field of disaster nursing or nursing management. To verify face validity, assessment was also performed with six individuals who had served as head nurses or supervised disaster response/prevention efforts in the nursing department of a disaster-site medical center or a large-scale hospital. The results of content validation revealed that the scale items, which were classified by six elements, needed to be shifted. In face validation, responses were obtained for almost all items, and the mean time taken to provide answers for them was 25 minutes. Wording was modified based on the results of these two investigations, and no elimination or addition was made for the 114 items. The scale was subsequently established in consideration of this work.