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要旨
【目的】本研究は,胃がん術後患者の配偶者のQOLに対するソーシャル・サポートの影響を明らかにすることを目的とした.
【方法】某大学病院の外来を受診した胃がん術後患者のうち病名を理解し再発のない人の配偶者を対象とし質問紙調査を実施した.主な調査項目は,QOLの指標であるSF-36v2日本語版,ソーシャル・サポートとした.分析では,ソーシャル・サポート尺度構成の後,SF-36v2を目的変数,ソーシャル・サポート,医学的変数,人口統計学的変数を説明変数とした重回帰分析を行った.
【結果】82名の配偶者へ質問紙を配布し,50名(61.0%)より有効回答を得た.平均年齢は65.3±10.4歳であった.重回帰分析の結果,精神的健康を目的変数としたモデル(R2=0.175,p=0.027)において,配偶者から受け取るサポートに有意な正の影響(β=0.383,p=0.014),併存症を有することに負の影響がある傾向が見出された(β=−0.254,p=0.092).同様に精神的健康を目的変数としたモデル(R2=0.114,p=0.091)において,家族から受け取るサポートに有意な正の影響(β=0.303,p=0.013),併存症を有することに負の影響がある傾向が示された(β=−0.291,p=0.064).
【結論】胃がん術後患者の配偶者のQOLは,患者より提供されるサポートにより高められることが示唆された.看護師は,胃がん術後患者のみならずその配偶者の精神的健康を改善させるために,両者の関係を良好にする役割を担うことが重要である.
Abstract
【Purpose】The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the effects of social support on the QOL in spouses of postoperative gastric cancer patients.
【Methods】The convenience sample was recruited from spouses of postoperative gastric cancer patients in the outpatient clinic at a university hospital. The patients recognized their disease as gastric cancer and at the time of the study had no evidence of cancer recurrence. SF- 36v2 Japanese version, social support questionnaire was administered. After the social support scales were composed, data were analyzed using multiple regression with SF-36v2 as the dependent variable and social support, medical variables and demographic variables as predictive variables.
【Results】Of the 82 eligible persons who participated in the study, 50(61.0%)returned the questionnaire. The sample mean age was 65.3±10.4 years. Multiple regression analysis was used in the model with the mental health as the dependent variable(R2=0.175, p=0.027). The analyses revealed that the patient's spouses who received support from the patients showed significant improvement in their mental health(β=0.383, p=0.014)and having active disease demonstrated no statistical significant effect on the patients' mental health(β=-0.254, p= 0.092). Using mental health as the dependent variable(R2=0.114, p=0.091), patients who received support from family noted significant improvement in their mental health(β=0.303, p=0.013)and having active disease demonstrated no statistical significant effect on the patients' mental health(β=-0.291, p =0.064).
【Conclusion】This study suggested that the health status of postoperative gastric cancer patients' spouses was enhanced by provided support from the patients. It is important for nurses to play a role in facilitating a therapeutic relationship between the patients and their spouses to improve their mental health.
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