養護教諭が抱く職務上困難感の構成因子

Factors Constituting Yogo Teachers' Feelings of Difficulty at Work

要旨

　目的：本研究の目的は，養護教諭が抱く職務上困難感の構成因子を明らかにすることである．

　方法：四国4県の国公立小・中学校に勤務する養護教諭960名を対象に，質問紙調査法を実施した．探索的因子分析を行い，内的整合性の確認のため各因子のCronbach's α係数を算出した．

　結果：最尤法・プロマックス回転による因子分析を行った結果，5因子53項目が抽出された．各因子のCronbach's α係数は0.824〜0.931を示し，内的整合性が確認された．第5因子以外の全因子において，経験年数5年未満はいずれかの経験年数グループより職務上困難感が有意に高かった．

　考察：養護教諭の職務上困難感は，個々の児童生徒への支援や連携におけるコーディネートにとどまらず，専門的立場から連携・協働のための仕組みづくりを行うことについての因子によって構成されていた．

　結論：養護教諭の専門性発揮には，経験年数の低い養護教諭への支援と，全ての養護教諭が職務を遂行するための校内体制構築の必要性の示唆を得た．

　Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to work-related difficulties experienced by Yogo teachers.

　Method: We conducted a questionnaire survey. Participants were 960 Yogo teachers working at national and public elementary and junior high schools in Shikoku. We performed exploratory factor analysis and calculated Cronbach's α coefficient for each factor to confirm internal consistency.

　Results: Five factors with 53 items were identified by factor analysis using the maximum likelihood method and promax rotation. Cronbach's α coefficient for each factor was 0.824-0.931, confirming internal consistency.

　For all factors except factor 5, Yogo teachers with less than 5 years of experience had a significantly higher sense of difficulty in their work than those with more than 5 years of experience.

　Consideration: Yogo teachers' sense of difficulty in their work was not limited to coordinating support for individual children and students, it was also composed of factors related to creating a system for cooperation and collaboration from a professional standpoint.

　Conclusion: Our findings suggest that it is necessary to support Yogo teachers with little experience and to build a school system that helps Yogo teachers perform their duties.