育児期の親のエンパワメント尺度の開発

Development of a Parental Empowerment Scale During the Child-Rearing Stage

要旨

　目的：育児期の親のエンパワメント尺度を開発する．

　方法：0〜3歳の子を育児中の親3,380名を対象に質問紙調査を実施し，尺度の信頼性・妥当性を検討した．

　結果：回収数670名（回収率19.8％）のうち有効回答613名（有効回答率91.4％）を対象とした．項目分析，探索的因子分析の結果，4因子【自分らしく生きる力】【自分らしく育児する力】【家族と支え合う力】【仲間・地域と支え合う力】24項目が抽出された．モデルの適合度はGFI＝.880，AGFI＝.855，CFI＝.891，RMSEA＝.070，外的基準尺度との相関はr＝.596であり妥当性が確認された．尺度全体のα係数は.920，各因子は.767〜.872，再テスト法による相関は尺度全体でr＝.868であり信頼性が確認された．

　結論：育児期の親のエンパワメント尺度を開発し，信頼性と妥当性が確認された．

　Purpose: To develop a parental empowerment scale during the child-rearing stage.

　Method: The reliability and validity of the scale were studied by conducting a questionnaire survey among 3,380 parents who are raising children aged 0-3 years.

　Results: Of the 670 respondents (response rate, 19.8％), 613 valid responses (valid response rate, 91.4％) were obtained and used in the study. As a result of item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, the four factors, namely, "power to maintain a preferred lifestyle," "power to maintain a preferred way of childcare," "power to support your family," and "power to support your peers/communities," and 24 other items were extracted. The validity of the scale was confirmed through a test of the goodness of fit of the model (GFI＝.880, AGFI＝.855, CFI＝.891, and RMSEA＝.070) and correlation with external reference scales (r＝.596). The Cronbach's α coefficient was .920 for the entire scale and ranged from .767 to .872 for the individual factors. The correlation based on the retest method for the entire scale was r＝.868. This confirmed the reliability of the scale.

　Conclusion: A parental empowerment scale during the child-rearing stage was developed, and the reliability and validity of the scale were confirmed.