看護大学生の日常生活経験と道徳的感受性が看護実践における倫理的行動に及ぼす影響

Influence of Daily Life Experience and Moral Sensitivity on Ethical Behavior in Nursing Practice of Baccalaureate Nursing Students

要旨

　目的：看護大学生の日常生活経験が道徳的感受性に影響を及ぼし，道徳的感受性が看護実践における倫理的行動にあたえる影響を検証する．

　方法：看護系大学の4年生1,341名を対象とした．看護大学生の看護実践における倫理的行動評価尺度，道徳的感受性尺度，生活経験・社会経験・学習経験からなる日常生活経験，基本属性から構成される無記名自記式質問紙を配布し郵送法にて回収した．学生の倫理的行動と道徳的感受性と日常生活経験の関連を最尤法による共分散構造分析を行い検討した．

　結果：15校の4年生247名から回答が得られ，230名（有効回答率17.1％）を分析対象とした．学生の日常生活経験が道徳的感受性に影響を及ぼし，さらに道徳的感受性が倫理的行動に影響をあたえることが確認された．

　結論：倫理的行動をとるためには，日常生活で豊かな経験を経て道徳的感受性を養うことが重要であることが明らかとなった．

　Purpose: This study examined the influence of the daily life experiences of baccalaureate nursing students on their moral sensitivity, and how this impacts the students' ethical behavior in nursing practice.

　Methods: An anonymous self-administered questionnaire comprising the Nursing Students' Ethical Behavior Self-Evaluation Scale in Nursing Practice, Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, daily life experiences consisting of "life experience," "social experience," and "learning experience" and background, were distributed and collected by mail, to 1,341 senior students. We examined the relationship between students' ethical behavior, moral sensitivity, and daily life experiences through a covariance structure analysis using the maximum likelihood estimation method.

　Results: Responses were obtained from 247 senior students from 15 nursing universities. Data from 230 students were analyzed (valid response rate 17.1％). The results confirmed that the student's daily life experiences influence moral sensitivity, which in turn influences ethical behavior.

　Conclusion: It became evident that in order for nursing students to incorporate ethical behavior, it is important to develop moral sensitivity through rich experiences in their daily lives.