日本語版倫理的風土尺度の信頼性と妥当性の検討

The Reliability and Validity of Japanese Version of Hospital Ethical Climate Survey

要旨

　目的：倫理的風土を測定する尺度としてHospital Ethical Climate Survey（以下HECS）を翻訳，日本語版HECS（以下J-HECS（26））を作成，信頼性と妥当性の検討を行った．

　方法：自記式質問紙調査を行った．対象は関西圏にある3大学病院の一般病棟に所属する看護職とした．

　結果：2,168枚の質問紙を配布し，770枚を回収した（回収率35.5％）．有効回答609部を解析対象とした．オリジナルと同じ26項目5因子構造にて確認的因子分析を行った結果，適合度はRMSEA＝0.09，CFI＝0.87，GFI＝0.82，AGFI＝0.78であった．クロンバックα係数は0.94と，高い信頼性が確認された．また尺度の平均得点は3.65点と対象者が倫理的風土を好ましいものとして認知していることが分かった．

　結論：作成したJ-HECS（26）は，一定の信頼性と妥当性が得られ，今後組織の倫理的風土を高めるための教育や研修の効果を客観的に判断することへの貢献が期待される．

　Hospital Ethical Climate Survey (HECS) was developed in the U.S. that measures ethical climate which is a type of work climate. The purpose of this study is to translate HECS into Japanese and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of HECS (J-HECS (26)). The 770 of the nurses in three university hospitals in Japan participated in this cross-sectional study and 609 of them were analyzed. HECS, a self-administered questionnaire, was used to estimate the nurses' perceptions of the hospital ethical climate. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency, and correlation were used to analyze the data. CFA showed acceptable model fit: root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) of 0.09, comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.87, and Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) of 0.82 and Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI) of 0.78 and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) of 1969.9. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.94. The mean score of J-HECS (26) was 3.65, indicating that nurses in Japan perceive their ethical climate as favorable. This study shows that the J-HECS (26) is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring nurses' perceptions of the ethical climate in hospitals of Japan.