NICUに入院した児の母親の直接授乳開始後1か月の母乳育児自己効力感とその関連要因

Breastfeeding Self-efficacy of Mothers with Infants in The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit beyond One Month from Starting Breastfeeding and The Related Factors

要旨

　目的：NICU入院児の母親の直接授乳開始（直母）後1か月の母乳育児自己効力感（BSE）の関連要因を明らかにした．

　方法：縦断的観察研究．直母後3〜7日と1か月に自記式質問紙調査を行い，直母後1か月のBSEの関連，予測要因を重回帰分析にて検討した．

　結果：対象はNICU入院児の母親97名であった．関連要因は，年齢（偏回帰係数：B = -.34，p = .048），初産婦（B = -4.56, p = .005），母乳不足感（B = 1.63, p < .001），ストレス対処能力（B = .33, p = .029）であった．予測要因は，直母後3〜7日の母乳不足感（B = 1.19, p < .001）とストレス対処能力（B = .75, p < .001）であった．

　結論：NICU入院児の母親の直母後1か月のBSEの予測要因は3〜7日の母乳不足感とストレス対処能力であった．

　Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) of mothers with infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) beyond one month from starting breastfeeding, and to identify factors associated with BSE.

　Method: This was a longitudinal observational study. Using self-reported questionnaires, BSE and potentially relevant factors of mothers with infants in the NICU were measured at two time points: 3-7 days and one month after starting breastfeeding. We analyzed the relevant factors with models: cross-sectional association and prediction of BSE at the second time point; using multivariable regression analysis.

　Results: A total of 97 mothers were included in this analysis. The factors that affect BSE beyond one month after starting breastfeeding were the mother's age (partial regression coefficient: B = -.34, p = .048), primipara (B = -4.56, p = .005), perception of insufficient milk (PIM; B = 1.63, p < .001) and sense of coherence (SOC; B = .33, p = .029). The factors predicting BSE were PIM (B = 1.19, p < .001) and SOC (B = .75, p < .001) at 3-7 days after starting breastfeeding.

　Conclusion: This study found that PIM and SOC predicted BSE of mothers with infants in the NICU between 3-7 days and one month after starting breastfeeding.