地域づくりを推進する訪問看護師の実践

Practice of Home-Visit Nurses for Promoting Community Development

要旨

　目的：地域共生社会実現を目指す上での訪問看護師による地域づくり推進の教育的示唆を得るため，地域づくりを推進する訪問看護師の実践を明らかにする．

　方法：先駆的に地域づくりを推進する訪問看護師7名に半構造化面接を実施し，質的記述的に分析した．

　結果：地域づくりを推進する訪問看護師の実践は，【個の看護にとことんこだわる】と【広く柔軟な発想のもと，自分たちのペースで歩む】実践を基盤とし，【安心して素の自分でいられる空間を共につくる】実践や【個の力を引き出し輝かす】実践の相互作用を受けながら【地域のつながりを広げる】実践とつながっていた．さらに醸成して【住民が自らの願いをかなえる過程を見守る】実践へと発展していた．

　結論：地域づくりを推進する訪問看護師の実践は，訪問看護活動の特徴である「個」の視点と，制度やシステムに依らない柔軟な創造性を基盤とし，地域のつながりの拡大と，住民主体の取り組みを見守る実践を主軸とした構造であることが明らかとなった．

　Aim: To elucidate the practice of home-visit nurses for promoting community development to ascertain the educational implications of community development promotion through home-visit nurses toward realizing a cohesive community.

　Methods: Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with seven home-visit nurses who are pioneering community development. The practice characteristics were qualitatively and descriptively analyzed.

　Results: The practice of home-visit nursing for promoting community development was based on the practices of “Focus on individual nursing” and “Working at one's own pace based on a broad, flexible mindset”, and was connected to the practice of “Spreading community connections” while receiving the interactions of the practices of “Creating spaces where people can be themselves without worries” and “Working to bring out the best of one's abilities”. This further fostered the development of the practice of “Watching over the residents' process to achieve their goals”.

　Conclusion: The study found that the practice of home-visit nurses for promoting community development is based on the “individual” perspective and flexible creativity that is unrestricted by systems, and clarified that this is structured around the central practices of expanding community connections and watching over resident-centered efforts.