若年女性の月経痛コントロールを目的とした教育プログラムの非ランダム化比較試験による評価

Non-randomized Clinical Trial of an Educational Program that Supports Young Women's Control of Teir Menstrual Pain

要旨

目的：Oremのセルフケア理論を基盤として，若年女性が痛みの程度と緩和の必要性に応じて，意図的に有効な対処法を実施することで，月経痛のコントロールを目指した教育プログラムを開発し評価することである．

方法：8大学を教育プログラムを実施する介入群としない対照群に非ランダムに割り付け，アウトカムについて教育プログラム前後で量的に測定した．アウトカムは月経痛の対応についての考え方，月経痛の知識，月経痛レベル，月経随伴症状，日常生活行動の支障，社会生活への影響，月経痛コントロールの7項目である．

結果：介入群はセッションに参加し全質問紙に回答した49名（45.4％）を，対照群は全質問紙に回答した58名（57.4％）を分析した．介入群は対照群と比較して，有意に月経痛に対処しようという考え方に変化し，月経痛の正しい知識が増え，月経痛レベルと月経随伴症状が軽減し，月経痛コントロールができた．

結論：本プログラムは，若年女性が意図的に月経痛をコントロールするために効果的である可能性が示唆された．

Purpose: To develop and evaluate an educational program based on Orem's self-care theory and aimed at controlling menstrual pain by having young women deliberately employ efective coping methods tailored to their level of pain and palliative needs.

Methods: Eight universities were non-randomly assigned to the intervention group (in which the educational program was implemented) or the control group (in which it was not implemented), and outcomes were quantitatively measured before and afer the educational program. Outcomes were seven items: thoughts on coping with menstrual pain, knowledge of menstrual pain, level of menstrual pain, menstrual symptoms, hindrances to activities of daily living, impact on social activities, and control of menstrual pain.

Results: Forty-nine women (45.4%) in the intervention group who took part in sessions and responded to all questionnaires and 58 women (57.4%) in the control group who responded to all questionnaires were subject to analysis. Compared with the control group, women in the intervention group were able to signifcantly change their way of thinking to one in which they sought to cope with menstrual pain, increase their accurate knowledge of menstrual pain, reduce their level of menstrual pain and menstrual symptoms, and control their menstrual pain.

Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that this program could be efective in teaching young women to deliberately control their menstrual pain.