急性期病院における退院支援看護師の多職種連携実践能力を高める教育プログラムの効果検証

Evaluating the Efficacy of an Educational Program Designed to Enhance the Interprofessional Collaborative Competencies of Discharge Planning Nurses in Acute Care Hospitals

要旨

　目的：退院支援看護師の多職種連携実践能力を向上させる教育プログラムを開発し，その効果を検証する．

　方法：教育プログラム受講の有無による2群間前後比較デザインである．ARCSモデルに基づくラボラトリー方式の体験学習を特徴とする，主体的に学び続けることを意識化する教育プログラムをオンラインで提供した．

　結果：退院支援実践能力における見積力，合意形成力，調整力，および多職種連携実践能力におけるプロ信念，チーム目標達成は有意に上昇したが，チーム運営，患者尊重ケア，チーム凝集性，専門職役割遂行は有意な上昇は認められなかった．

　結論：本教育プログラムは，必要な知識の獲得とピアサポートや在宅で活躍する多職種との対話による退院支援看護師の役割や信念の明確化，尺度を用いたリフレクションによる主体的な取組の意識づけによる効果が示唆された．今後も多職種連携実践を積み現任教育を継続する必要がある．

　Objective: To develop an educational program to enhance the interprofessional collaborative competencies of discharge planning nurses and evaluate its efficacy.

　Method: The study design is a before-and-after comparison of two groups, one of which participated in the educational program and one of which did not. The intervention group was provided with an online educational program based on the ARCS model featuring experiential learning in a laboratory format intended to promote a conscious effort to continue learning autonomously.

　Results: In terms of discharge planning competency, a significant increase was observed in participants' estimation, consensus-building, and coordination abilities, and in terms of interprofessional collaborative competency, a significant increase was observed in professional conviction and achievement of team goals. However, there was no significant increase in team management, patient-centered care, team cohesion, and professional role performance.

　Conclusion: The results suggest that this educational program had the effects of clarifying the roles and beliefs of discharge planning nurses through acquisition of necessary knowledge, peer support, and dialogue with people from various professions who work from home, and cultivating a mindset of proactive engagement through reflection using a rating scale. In the future, it will be necessary to accumulate practical experience in interprofessional collaboration and to provide ongoing in-service training.