新卒看護師の社会化を促進する関わりのモデルの検証

Verification of the Relationships Model That Promotes the Socialization of New Graduate Nurses

要旨

目的：新卒看護師が社会化に役立ったと認識した関わりと，その成果としてのリアリティショックの低減や職場定着などとの関連性を検討するモデルを開発し，検証することである．

方法：2,350名の新卒看護師を対象に質問紙調査を実施し，新卒看護師の社会化とその影響要因である関わりのモデルについて，共分散構造分析により検討した．

結果：有効回答456部を分析した結果，新卒看護師の社会化には「関わり」を認識することが最も強く影響を与えていた．「社会化」を経た「関わり」から「離職意思」への負の間接的効果は直接的効果の1.5倍であった．「関わり」が「社会化」を介して，リアリティショックと職場定着意思によって表される「離職意思」を低減することが示唆された．

結論：新卒看護師の社会化を推進することの重要性が明らかとなった．また，仮定したモデルは新卒看護師が認識した社会化の状況と，社会化を促進する関わりの関連性を検討するモデルとして受容できる．

Aim: The purpose of the present study is to develop and verify a model to examine the relevance of relationships, which was recognized to be useful for the socialization by new graduate nurses and the resulting reality shock and their work commitment.

Methods: A paper-based survey of 2,350 new graduate nurses was conducted using a questionnaire. The model of the “relationships,” which may be related to the socialization of new graduate nurses and its influencing factor was examined by the structural equation modeling method.

Results: The date from 456 participants was analyzed in this study and it was found that recognition of “relationships” gave the greatest effect on the socialization of new graduate nurses. The indirect negative effect from the “relationships” toward “intention to quit their jobs” in the process of “socialization” was 1.5 times higher than the direct effect. The results suggested that “relationships” developed through “socialization” may reduce the “intention to quit their jobs” which is expressed in the form of reality shock and their sense of work commitment.

Conclusion: The present study revealed that the promoting of the socialization may be important for new graduate nurses, and the tentative model developed in this study is acceptable for examination of relevance between the conditions of socialization recognized by the new graduate nurses and relationships promoting their socialization.