新卒看護師の職場適応に関する研究―リアリティショックからの回復過程と回復を妨げる要因

Job Adjustment among New Graduate Nurses：The Process of Recovery from Reality Shock and Factors which Impede Recovery

要旨

　新卒看護師のリアリティショックの回復過程と回復を妨げる要因を明らかにする目的で，9名の新卒看護師を対象に，修正版グラウンデッド・セオリー・アプローチを用い，質的帰納的研究を行った．その結果，以下のことが明らかになった．リアリティショックの回復過程では，中核概念として「解決課題」が見出され，回復を妨げる要因として「不安定さ」が見出された．「解決課題」には【基本看護業務遂行能力の獲得】【職場の人間関係の調整】【さまざまなケアへの対応能力の発達】【勤務形態への適応】【仕事と自己の価値観の調和】の5つのカテゴリーが見出され，「不安定さ」では【不安感】【不調和】【自尊感情の低下】【ゆとりのなさ】の4つのカテゴリーが見出された．これらの結果は，今後の新卒看護師の支援のための資料となり，さらに看護基礎教育における効果的な教育への示唆が得られた．

Abstract

　The purpose of this research was to explore the process of recovery from reality shock, together with factors that impede recovery, among new graduate nurses. Nine new graduate nurses were chosen as the subjects for this research, and the data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. The results were as follows.“Issues to be resolved” was identified as the core category in the process of recovery from reality shock, and “Instability” was identified as a factor which impedes recovery. “Issues to be resolved” consisted of five categories:'Acquisition of the ability to carry out basic nursing','Adjustment of interpersonal relations within the workplace','Development of the ability to meet a variety of care needs','Adaptation to the working system','Harmony of personal and workplace values'.“Instability” consisted of four categories:'Anxiety','Disharmony','Decline in self esteem', and 'Lack of leeway'. These findings will aid the planning of support for new graduate nurses.