臨地実習における個人情報の取扱いに関する研究

Study on Handling Personal Information in Clinical Training

要旨

　本研究の目的は，臨地実習における倫理教育のあり方を検討する基礎資料とするため，看護系大学の臨地実習における個人情報の取扱い状況を把握し，その倫理的問題点を明らかにすることである．日本の看護系大学83校を対象に，郵送法による質問紙調査を行った．その結果，44校から回答があり(回収率53.0％)，すべて有効回答であった．その結果，実習記録に記入すると回答した大学が75％を超えた個人情報には，氏名，年齢，性別，家族構成，入院年月日，職業などの11項目があり，また，氏名の記入には4割以上の大学で「伏せ字」が認められていた．実習記録の保管について，すべて学生が所持すると回答した大学は，実習期間中では95.5％，実習終了後では63.6％であった．受持患者に対し，学生が個人情報を知ることについて説明している大学は34.1％であった．以上から，臨地実習の中で取扱う個人情報に伴う倫理的問題として，不必要な情報の実習記録への記入，患者に知らせないままの情報収集，学生の自宅での保管などが把握された．

Abstract

　The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual conditions of handling personal information in clinical training and to clarify the ethical issues involved, so as to examine the ethical education system at nursing universities. Educational directors of 83nursing universities in Japan were asked to respond to a mailed survey. Questionnaire items included：the manner in which patient information was obtained and recorded, the nature of the information requested, the manner in which the forms were kept, and the question whether patients were informed that their personal information would be accessed by nursing students.

　Replies from directors of 44 universities (a collection rate of 53.0％) were received and analyzed. Results showed that over 75％ of the nursing universities directed their students to record 11items of personal patient information, including name, age, sex, family members, date of hospitalization, and occupation. Also,more than 40％ of the universities allowed the students to delete every other character of the patient's name thus making easy identification of individual patients difficult. During clinical training, 95.5％ of the nursing universities held their students individually responsible for the keeping of the forms, and after clinical training, 63.6％ of the universities continued to hold the students responsible. Only 34.1％ of the patients were informed that their personal information was being accessed by students. These results show that the actual conditions of handling personal information in clinical training involve ethical issues such as recording unnecessary personal information, accessing personal information without informed consent, and individual keeping of the forms by students.