高齢糖尿病患者が食事療法を継続する要因の検討

Factors Related Continuation of Diet Regimen among Elderly with Diabetes

　目的：老年期発症の高齢糖尿病患者が，食事療法を継続する要因とはどのようなものであるかを理解することである．研究参加者：関東近郊の医療機関に通院中の，65歳以上で初めて糖尿病の診断を受け，食事療法を1年以上継続している70～90歳代の2型糖尿病患者9名．研究方法と分析方法：半構成的面接法によってデータを収集し，逐語録を質的に分析した．結果：研究参加者が食事療法を継続する要因には，参加者それぞれの【食事療法の必要性の認識】があった．また参加者の生活体験のなかから食事療法を【続けるための方法を見つけ出す】，さらに食事療法を続けるための【支え】が存在していた．また参加者が意図したものではないが，【有利な変化】が食事療法の促進因子として働いていた．

　The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore potential factors related to continuation of the diet regimen among Type 2 diabetic elderly, who were diagnosed after 65 years old. Nine participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Qualitative-data analysis was based on the methods of Knafl & Webster (1988) and Miles & Huberman (1994). The data revealed that the potential factors related to continuation of diet regimen were grouped into following four categories: (1) recognition of the necessity for the diet regimen, (2) finding one's own way to continue the diet regimen, (3) having support, and (4) the changes which were favorable for continuation of the diet regimen. These changes seemed to support the participants to continue their diet regimen. The result suggested that there are specific needs for this population and nurses need to establish some strategies supporting needs and assisting them to continue the diet regimen.