作業療法士が適切と考える高齢者を対象とした急性期作業療法のアウトカム指標の予備的検討—フォーカスグループインタビューとノミナルグループテクニックを用いた質的研究

Preliminary study of adequate outcome measures for acute occupational therapy for the elderly: Qualitative research using nominal group technique and focus group interviews

要旨：本研究の目的は，作業療法効果の測定に適切と考えられるアウトカム指標とその選択理由を，グループインタビュー技法を用いて検討し，合意形成されたものを高齢者の急性期作業療法発展の資料として提示することである．対象は急性期病院に従事した経験のある作業療法士8名で，分析はノミナルグループテクニックと質的統合法を用いた．結果，30項目のアウトカム指標が採択された．定量的なものからは握力など，定性的なものからは生活行為に関わる質的な改善などが採択された．高齢者を対象とした急性期作業療法では，対象や環境の特性を踏まえた上で生活行為に焦点を当てた支援の効果を測定することができるアウトカム指標が重要と考えられた．

　The purpose of this study was to examine outcome measures considered appropriate for measuring occupational therapy effectiveness and the reasons for their selection. The research used group interview techniques and was intended to present the results as a resource for the development of acute occupational therapy for the elderly. The subjects were eight occupational therapists who had experience in acute care hospitals, and the analysis was performed using the nominal group technique and the qualitative integration method. As a result, 30 outcome measures were adopted. From the quantitative outcome measure, grip strength, etc. were adopted, and from the qualitative outcome measure, activities of daily living, etc. were adopted. In the acute occupational therapy for the elderly, it was considered important to have an outcome measure that could measure the effectiveness of support focused on activities of daily living, considering the characteristics of the subject and the environment.