急性期入院高齢患者における廃用症候群予防実践の職種間比較および作業療法士の役割に関する調査

Inter-professional comparison of and research of occupational therapists' role in preventive practice for disuse syndrome in acute elderly inpatients

要旨：本研究は，急性期入院高齢患者におけるチームでの廃用症候群予防について，各職種の実践状況および作業療法士（以下，OT）の役割を明らかにすることを目的とした調査研究である．OT・理学療法士（以下，PT）・看護師を対象に，廃用症候群予防の実践度およびOTの役割の認識について回答を求め，比較検討した．その結果，各職種の主たる職域は，OTは生活機能への介入，PTは身体機能への介入，看護師は病棟でのケアとなった．また，OTの役割の認識には，職種間で部分的な相違があることが明らかとなった．OTがチームで効果的に作用するために，主観的・客観的な役割の認識を理解し，OTの専門性を示す機会の拡充や表現の工夫の必要性が示唆された．

　This study aimed at clarifying the practical circumstance of professionals and the role of Occupational Therapists (OT) in preventing disuse syndrome through multidisciplinary teamwork among acute elderly inpatients. The subjects were OT, Physical Therapists (PT) and Nurses. We analyzed the results of a questionnaire on the practicality of preventing disuse syndrome and recognizing the roles of the subjects. The findings revealed the main roles of each professional in preventing disuse syndrome in the acute phase. The main roles of the subjects were as follows:OTs were responsible for intervention in life function, PTs intervened in physical function, and Nurses cared for patients in the hospital ward. In addition, the results revealed that there are partial differences among professionals in recognizing the role of OTs. In order for OTs to work effectively in a team, they should acknowledge subjective and objective perceptions of their roles, and expand of opportunities to highlight their expertise through cultivating specific jargon.