問題行動を呈する児童への作業療法士による学校コンサルテーション

School consultations by an occupational therapist for a student with behavioral problems

要旨：普通教室に在籍する問題行動を呈する児童に対して，作業療法士（以下，OT）が約1年にわたり10回，保護者・教職員にコンサルテーションを実施した．保護者・教職員の主訴に対し，OTは特性要因図を用い本児の状況を説明し，焦点化すべき目標を協議した．さらにOTは，問題行動を応用行動分析学に基づいて機能分析を行い，具体的な対処方法を助言した．結果，学校生活において，規則違反的行動，注意の問題，思考の問題などの問題行動が減少した．攻撃的行動は，言語による抵抗や拒否は残存していたが，暴力行為は，ほぼ認められなくなった．さらに教室内で過ごせる時間も増加し，課題に取り組む頻度も改善した．

　An occupational therapist consulted with a parent and teachers 10 times over a year for a student with behavioral problems in a regular class. In response to the parent's and teachers' needs, the OT explained the child's situation using characteristic factor diagrams and discussed the goals to be focused on. In addition, the OT analyzed the function of the behavioral problems based on the applied behavioral analysis and advised specific coping methods. As a result, behavioral problems such as rule-breaking, attention deficit, and thought problems were reduced in school life. In aggressive behavior, verbal resistance and rejection remained, but violent behavior largely disappeared. In addition, the time spent in the classroom and the frequency of working on tasks increased.