重症心身障害児の特別支援学校の自立活動に対する医療機関に所属するリハビリテーション職種の連携におけるコンサルテーションの特徴—各リハビリテーション職種の専門性と作業療法士の役割

The characteristics of consultations in the cooperation of rehabilitation professions belonging to medical institutions toward special needs schools regarding the independent activities of children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities: The expertise of each rehabilitation profession and the role of occupational therapists

要旨：特別支援学校での重症心身障害児の自立活動に対する，医療機関に所属するリハビリテーション職種の連携におけるコンサルテーションの特徴を明らかにするため，特別支援学校を対象に，自立活動6区分27項目で質問項目を設定し，質問紙を用いた全国調査を行った．その結果，リハビリテーション職種が職種間で連携したうえで，学校教諭と協働する意義が示された．また，各職種における主な専門性は，理学療法士は基礎的な運動機能，作業療法士は作業遂行，言語聴覚士は言語コミュニケーションであると考えられた．そして，作業療法士は理学療法士や言語聴覚士と学校教諭をつなぐコーディネーターとしての役割を担うことが期待された．

　To identify the characteristics of consultations originating from rehabilitation professionals cooperating with special needs schools for children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities, we conducted a nationwide survey of special needs schools using a questionnaire with 27 items and 6 categories of independent activities. The results showed the significance of interprofessional cooperation among rehabilitation professionals and their collaboration with schoolteachers. In addition, the main specialties of each professional were basic motor functions for physical therapists, occupational performance for occupational therapists, and verbal communication for speech-language-hearing therapists. Finally, from the point view of medical institutions, occupational therapists were expected to act as coordinators between physical therapists, speech-language-hearing therapists, and schoolteachers.