試作した作業活動評価尺度の紹介と実用性の検討—折り鶴の遂行能力の評価を通して

Estimating occupational performance of performing origami through a new 5-point rating scale

要旨：作業活動の遂行に必要な誤りの気づきと修正能力に基づき，作業活動を評価する5段階評価尺度を考案し，この尺度を使って，作業活動を工程毎に5段階で評価できる手工芸評価表を作成した．今回は，認知症高齢者に対して折り鶴を施行し，本評価表の結果から実用性と客観性について検討した．方法は，認知症高齢者3症例の折り鶴の様子をビデオカメラで撮影し，12名の評価者により評価表を用いて折り鶴の工程毎の遂行能力を評価した後，期間をおいて同じビデオを観察し再評価した．症例数は少なかったが，評価者間の相関と評価者内の相関に正の傾向がみられたことから，本評価表は客観的で実用的な評価表となり得ることが示唆された．

　The United States has practically applied performance scales which estimate the performance of process oriented activities of daily living of the cognitively disabled including the mentally disabled. The present study classifies the processes of work activities into two components: the ability to discover errors and correct them. In order to estimate the performance of activities based on the above idea, we have developed a new measure that can indicate the quality of the two abilities on a 5-point scale. Furthermore, we have developed a handicraft evaluation list that enables us to estimate patients' performance on a 5-point scale for each process.

　3 cognitively disabled elderly subjects participated in the study. The subjects were asked to make origami cranes from paper. Their performance was videotaped and 12 estimators watched the video and evaluated the subjects' performance using the scale, and its practicality and objectivity were discussed.

　The estimation was performed twice with a certain interval.

　Although the size of the study was small, the results showed positive correlations among estimators and between the test-retest of each estimator. The results suggest that the newly developed scale can be both highly objective and practical.