在宅高齢障害者の通所サービス利用意義—ADL能力と罹病期間による検討

Meaning of Day-care and/or Day-service for the elderly with physical disabilities: Influence of ADL and duration of illness

要旨：本研究は，高齢障害者の通所サービス(デイケア，デイサービス)の利用意義に関する構造を分析し，ADL能力と罹病期間による傾向を検討することを目的とする．方法は，通所サービスの利用目的，利用結果に関する質問紙調査を実施し，痴呆・高次脳機能障害を伴わない277名から得られた有効回答を数量化Ⅲ類の手法にて分析した．その結果，「生活」を原点とし，「身体的機能の維持・改善—精神的充実」軸，「個別的—交流的」軸による構造が示された．ADL全介助群は「精神的—交流的」傾向を示し，自立群は「精神的—個別的」傾向を示した．罹病期間2年未満群は「身体的—個別的」傾向を示し，その後「精神的—交流的」傾向に移行していた．

　The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Day-care and/or Day-service for the elderly with physical disabilities by analyzing their ADL and duration of illness. By a community based questionnaire method, we ask 277 persons over 60 years old with physical disabilities about their purpose and satisfaction of using Day-care and/or Day-service. Persons with dementia were excluded from this study. We analyzed the influence of ADL and disease duration by using Hayashi's quantification method III. The elderly with severely limited ADL showed a tendency towards "Soul/Spiritual-Communicative", while the elderly with independent ADL showed a tendency towards "Soul/Spiritual-Personal". In addition, the elderly with a shorter duration of illness within two years initially showed a tendency towards "Physical-Personal", but gradually developed a tendency toward "Soul/Spiritual-Communicative".