在宅高齢障害者の学習機会と満足感—ADL能力による比較

Learning opportunities and feelings of satisfaction of the elderly with physical disabilities: From the viewpoint of ADL limitations

要旨：在宅生活を送る355名の高齢障害者(痴呆・高次脳機能障害を有する者を除く)を対象に，彼らが利用している学習の機会とその満足感をADL能力との関連から分析し，学習支援に関する作業療法の課題を検討した．

　その結果，1）ADL自立群は地域の学習施設を，全介助群は医療機関や自宅を学習の機会とする傾向があった，2）学習活動への満足感は，相対的に地域社会—交流的機会を利用する際に高く，ADL全介助群の学習活動への満足感はADL自立群よりも低かった．

　以上より高齢障害者，とくにADL全介助群へは，デイケアなど医療・保健施設で実施されているプログラムを学習の機会という視点で捉えなおし，地域に密着した交流的活動として展開する必要性が示唆された．

　Paying attention to ADL (activities of daily living) limitations of the elderly with physical disabilities, this article attempted to analyze the relationships between their learning opportunities and their feelings of satisfaction. And in so doing we also examined the problems of occupational therapists with regard to learning support.

　Subjects of the questionnaire survey included 355 community dwellers of age 60 and over with physical disabilities but not dementia and neuropsychological dysfunctions. Main results obtained were as follows; 1) the elderly of the ADL independence group tended to utilize community facilities for learning opportunities, whereas the ADL dependence group tended to use medical settings and their homes for learning opportunities. 2) Satisfaction with regard to learning activities were relatively high when learning opportunities were community based or communication based. But the feelings of satisfaction of the ADL dependence group were comparatively lower.

　These results suggested the necessity of changing the qualities of programs for the elderly with ADL dependence in medical or health areas into learning opportunities for them—Dash here in other words, the possibility of community and communication based learning.