スプーン操作獲得に向けた描画活動の導入—アテトーゼ型脳性麻痺児2症例を通して

The relation of spoon manipulation and drawing activity: Through the occupational therapy for two children with athetoid type cerebral palsy

要旨：スプーン操作が困難なアテトーゼ型脳性麻痺児2症例に対し，作業療法で描画活動を治療に用い，食事動作改善につなげた．

　スプーン操作は基本的に皿にスプーンを沿わせていく過程で，食物をかき集め，すくい上げる作業である．また，描画でのペン操作は紙という面を知覚しながら，ペンを連続的に移動させていく．この2つの作業間には同様の知覚過程が存在すると考えた．2症例で描画活動を治療に用いた結果，曲線や円を描けるようになるにつれ，スプーン操作においても皿から食物をすくえるようになった．2症例の作業療法経過から，2つの活動に共通の知覚要素を考察する．

　For two children with athetoid-type cerebral palsy that had difficulty manipulating a spoon, we improved their spoon manipulation at mealtime through a drawing activity in the occupational therapy session. The basic movements of gathering and scooping food are required for manipulating a spoon during the process of moving a spoon along a dish. And, pen manipulation is the act of moving continuously a pen on paper with perception of the paper's quality. We believe that the drawing activity and spoon manipulation use the same perceptual process. In these cases, the drawing activity was effected in the occupational therapy session ; drawing a curved line and circle with a marker resulted in the improvement in spoon manipulation at meals. They could gather and scoop up food with a spoon. We consider common perceptual elements of the two activities as demonstrated through the occupational therapy progress of these two cases.