精神病患者の肥満度と運動プログラムの有効性—柔軟性と患者の意見から

The effects of the exercise program on body weight and the flexibility in the inpatients with mental disorders

要旨：精神障害患者の多くが運動能力の低下，肥満傾向にあり，リハビリテーションの障害要因の一つになっている．今回，入院精神障害者の肥満度を調査し，約40％が肥満傾向にあることを認めた．そこで，患者の運動機能の向上，肥満の軽減を目的に運動プログラムを作成し，施行した．運動プログラム施行5ヶ月後，運動機能の柔軟性は有意に向上し，患者の運動プログラムに対する参加意識も好意的なものが多かった．しかし，患者の体重は変化しなかった．患者のリハビリテーションをすすめるには，運動プログラムにより改善した柔軟性および患者の好意的な参加意識を維持させ，食物摂取量の調整による肥満軽減をはかることが重要であると思われた．

　Most of the inpatients with mental disorders tend to be overweight and a failure in physical capacity, and these prevents their rehabilitation to social life.

　The present study was aimed to examine whether an exercise program could normalize the weight and physical capacity of inpatients with mental disorders. We examined body weight and degree of obesity in inpatients with mental disorders and proved about 40 % of them to be in the range of overweight. Therefore, we prepared an exercise program to prevent their overweight and to improve their physical activity. After five months of the exercise, their body flexibility was significantly improved, and many patients participated acceptably in this program. However, their weight has proved to be unchanged.

　In occupational therapy, these observations suggest that it is necessary for the patients to maintain improved body flexibility and acceptable participation in an exercise program, in addition to recovering desirable body weight by controlling their food intake.