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抄録 一般身体医療において早期リハビリテーションの有用性が注目される中,精神科における早期作業療法の効果や意義は不明である。今回,精神科救急入院料の集中ケア期に早期作業療法プログラムを導入し,病院業務管理指標,レジストリデータ,看護師アンケートにより,その影響を検討した。実行可能性が示され,閉塞感解消,治療アドヒアランスの向上,職員意識の変化,アセスメント精度の向上,治療の統合性,チーム医療の推進など,種々の効果が示唆された。身体的拘束期間の減少を観察したが,因果関係は示されなかった。限界としては,単施設の試み,観察研究デザイン,観察期間が挙げられる。今後,精神科早期作業療法のさらなる検証が望まれる。
While the usefulness of early rehabilitation is attracting attention in general physical medicine, effect and significance of early occupational therapy in psychiatry are unknown.
In this report, we describe an early occupational therapy program provided during the intensive care period at a psychiatric emergency ward, and examine its impact using hospital business management indicators, inpatient registry data, and a nurse questionnaire.
Results confirmed the feasibility of the program. Suggested benefits included the elimination of patient discomfort, improvement of treatment adherence, positive change in staff perception, improvement of assessment accuracy, therapeutic integration, and promotion of team medical care, among others. A reduction in the period of physical restraint was observed, although no causal relationship was shown.
Limitations included the single-institution, observational study design and short duration of observation. Further verification of early psychiatric occupational therapy is desired.
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